P6: link previews read by the server, as the owner decided

- A public post that links to a page gets a preview card: from the post's own data first (FEP-8967 Link preview, the
  object's image, title and summary); otherwise the server reads the page once, 0-60 s after the post arrives, never
  when someone reads it. OpenGraph and Twitter tags give title, description and image; one LinkPreview per address
  is cached for 7 days and shared by the whole server, so a fetch never points at a persona.
- Lemmy link posts, which carry no title or description, get them filled in.
- The page fetch uses the guarded client (public addresses, three redirects, HTML only, first 512 KB).
- Federation:FetchLinkPreviews switches page fetching off.
- Local public posts get cards too.

Checked live: a link to a GoToSocial profile page becomes a card with its title, description and proxied image.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_012CzABvBkbcFqoHdmi8b9WB

CLAUDE.md

@@ -258,6 +258,9 @@ cd /var/www/privapub.thepra.dev && sudo -u www-data ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=Produ
 - **A poll vote is a `Note` with a `name`, an `inReplyTo` that is a poll we hold, and no content.** `CreateHandler`
   hands it to `PollService.Receive` before anything else, so it never becomes a reply. Our votes on other servers' polls
   go only to the poll's author, without `published` (PieFed counts a vote only then).
+- **Link previews follow owner decision 1** (`Domain/Content/LinkPreviews.cs`): only public posts, queued on arrival with
+  0–60 s of jitter, one cached `LinkPreview` per address for the whole server, never fetched when someone reads.
+  `LinkPreviews.Wanted` is called where posts are saved (`CreateHandler`, `StoreContext`, `StatusService.Publish`).
 - **A server is described on arrival, never on read.** The first record from a host enqueues `DescribeInstance` (its
   NodeInfo, at most once a week, into `RemoteInstance`), so opening the details view tells nobody anything.
 - **Post ids are the timeline order, so they follow arrival, not `published`.** `PrivacyIds.Arrived` gives a remote post

FEDERATION.md

@@ -92,12 +92,13 @@ Received:
 | `Update{Person}` | refetches the actor |
 | `Like` | counted and notified, on posts the liker could see |
 | `Dislike` | counted as a downvote (Lemmy, PieFed, Mbin, Friendica); `Undo` takes it back |
+| `EmojiReact`, `Like` with an emoji `content` | an emoji reaction (FEP-c0e0; Pleroma, Akkoma, Iceshrimp.NET, Misskey, Sharkey), Unicode or a custom emoji from its `tag`; a `Like` whose content is ❤ stays a favourite; `Undo` takes it back |
 | `Join` | answered with `Ignore`: PrivaPub hosts no events yet (FEP-8a8e) |
 | `Announce` | counted and notified for local posts; shown to followers of the announcer, with the original refetched from its origin |
 | `Delete` | deletes the object, or the actor and its follows; a deleted object id is remembered for 90 days, so a late `Create` cannot bring it back |
 | `Flag` | becomes a report for this server's moderators |
 
-Sent: `Follow`, `Undo{Follow}`, `Create{Note}`, `Update{Note}`, `Update{Person}`, `Delete{Tombstone}`, `Accept{Follow}`,
+Sent: `Follow`, `Undo{Follow}`, `Create{Note}`, `Create{Question}` and poll votes, `EmojiReact` and its `Undo`, `Update{Note}`, `Update{Person}`, `Delete{Tombstone}`, `Accept{Follow}`,
 `Reject{Follow}`, `Like`, `Announce` and their `Undo`, `Flag`. A deleted post answers 410 with a `Tombstone`.
 
 - **Attachments** are `Document`s with `mediaType`, `name` (alt text), `blurhash`, `focalPoint`, `width` and `height`.
@@ -127,6 +128,18 @@ Received `summary` is a content warning only on a `Note` or `Question`, or when
 Visibility is expressed in `to`/`cc` the way Mastodon does it: public, unlisted, followers-only and direct. Inbound
 followers-only posts are recognised by the author's own `followers` collection.
 
+## Link previews
+
+For a public post that links to a page, PrivaPub builds a preview card. It uses, in order:
+1. a Link attachment's own `preview` (FEP-8967) or the post's own image, title and summary;
+2. otherwise, the linked page, read once by the server between 0 and 60 seconds after the post arrives (never when
+   someone reads it), with an `Accept: text/html` request that reads at most 512 KB, through the same address checks as
+   every other fetch.
+
+The page's OpenGraph and Twitter tags give the title, description and image; the result is cached per address for 7
+days and shared by every account on the server. Images are served to clients only through PrivaPub's media proxy.
+`Federation:FetchLinkPreviews=false` turns page fetching off.
+
 ## Local-only posts
 
 Posts with a location (shown to nearby users of this server) never leave the server, in any form.

PrivaPub.Tests/Domain/LinkPreviewTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+using PrivaPub.Domain.Content;
+using PrivaPub.Models.Post;
+
+namespace PrivaPub.Tests.Domain
+{
+	public class LinkPreviewTests
+	{
+		[Fact]
+		public void Reads_open_graph_then_twitter_then_the_page_title()
+		{
+			var preview = LinkPreviews.Read("https://news.example/a?utm_source=x", new Uri("https://news.example/a"), """
+				<html><head><title>Fallback title</title>
+				<meta property="og:title" content="Rain &amp; sun">
+				<meta name="twitter:description" content="A <b>long</b> story">
+				<meta property="og:image" content="/img/cover.jpg">
+				<meta property="og:site_name" content="News">
+				</head><body></body></html>
+				""");
+
+			Assert.Equal("Rain & sun", preview.Title);
+			Assert.Equal("A long story", preview.Description);
+			Assert.Equal("https://news.example/img/cover.jpg", preview.ImageURL);
+			Assert.Equal("News", preview.SiteName);
+			Assert.False(preview.Failed);
+			Assert.True(LinkPreviews.Read("https://x.example", new Uri("https://x.example"), "<html><body>nothing</body></html>").Failed);
+		}
+
+		[Fact]
+		public void Picks_the_first_real_link_and_skips_mentions_tags_quotes_and_ourselves() =>
+			Assert.Equal("https://blog.example/post", LinkPreviews.FirstLink(new Post
+			{
+				Url = "https://m.example/@a/1",
+				ContentHtml = """
+					<p><span class="h-card"><a href="https://m.example/@bob" class="u-url mention">@bob</a></span>
+					<a href="https://m.example/tags/x" class="mention hashtag" rel="tag">#x</a>
+					<span class="quote-inline">RE: <a href="https://k.example/notes/1">link</a></span>
+					<a href="https://privapub.test/@me">me</a>
+					<a href="https://m.example/@a/1">self</a>
+					<a href="https://blog.example/post">read this</a></p>
+					"""
+			}, "https://privapub.test"));
+	}
+}

PrivaPub.Tests/Federation/InboxScenarioTests.cs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ using PrivaPub.Federation.Actors;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Moderation;
+using PrivaPub.Domain.Social;
 using PrivaPub.Domain.Statuses;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Objects;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Outbox;
@@ -54,8 +55,8 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Tests.Federation
 			_processor = new InboxProcessor(remote, new IActivityHandler[]
 			{
 				new FollowHandler(db, _local, remote, delivery),
-				new UndoHandler(db, _local),
+				new UndoHandler(db, _local, new Reactions(db, delivery)),
-				new CreateHandler(db, _local, remote, delivery, _blocks, new Fanout(db), new RemotePosts(db, _local, remote, _blocks, queue, new ObjectRecords(queue)), new GroupDistributor(delivery), new ObjectRecords(queue), new PollService(db, _local, delivery, queue)),
+				new CreateHandler(db, _local, remote, delivery, _blocks, new Fanout(db), new RemotePosts(db, _local, remote, _blocks, queue, new ObjectRecords(queue), new NoPreviews()), new GroupDistributor(delivery), new ObjectRecords(queue), new PollService(db, _local, delivery, queue), new NoPreviews()),
 				new DeleteHandler(db, _local, remote, delivery, new GroupDistributor(delivery)),
 				new UpdateHandler(db, _local, remote, new GroupDistributor(delivery), new ObjectRecords(queue))
 			}, NullLogger<InboxProcessor>.Instance);

PrivaPub.Tests/Federation/ReactionTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+using MongoDB.Entities;
+
+using PrivaPub.ClientModels.Post;
+using PrivaPub.Domain.Social;
+using PrivaPub.Federation.Objects;
+using PrivaPub.Models.Post;
+using PrivaPub.Models.Social;
+using PrivaPub.Tests.Support;
+
+using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
+
+namespace PrivaPub.Tests.Federation
+{
+	public class ReactionNamesTests
+	{
+		[Theory]
+		[InlineData(":blobcat@k.example:", "blobcat")]
+		[InlineData("👍🏽", "👍🏽")]
+		[InlineData("❤️", "❤️")]
+		[InlineData("nope", null)]
+		[InlineData("👍👍", null)]
+		[InlineData(":unknown:", null)]
+		public void Normalises_what_peers_send(string content, string expected) =>
+			Assert.Equal(expected, Reactions.Normalise(content, new List<CustomEmoji> { new() { Shortcode = "blobcat", URL = "https://k.example/e.png" } })?.Name);
+	}
+
+	[Trait("Category", "Integration")]
+	public sealed class ReactionTests : IAsyncLifetime
+	{
+		Harness _harness;
+
+		public async ValueTask InitializeAsync()
+		{
+			Assert.SkipUnless(MongoFixture.Enabled, MongoFixture.Skip);
+			_harness = await Harness.Start();
+		}
+
+		public async ValueTask DisposeAsync()
+		{
+			if (_harness != default)
+				await _harness.DisposeAsync();
+		}
+
+		static string Origin(RemoteActor actor) => new Uri(actor.Id).GetLeftPart(UriPartial.Authority);
+
+		static string NewId(RemoteActor actor, string kind) => $"{Origin(actor)}/{kind}/{Guid.NewGuid():N}";
+
+		async Task<Post> LocalPost()
+		{
+			var (root, alice) = await _harness.Persona("alice");
+			await _harness.Posts.InsertPost(root, new InsertPostForm { AvatarId = alice.Id, Text = "react to me" }, TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+			return await DB.Default.Find<Post>().Match(p => p.GroupUserId == alice.Id).ExecuteFirstAsync(TestContext.Current.CancellationToken);
+		}
+
+		[Fact]
+		public async Task Misskey_and_pleroma_reactions_are_kept_apart_from_favourites()
+		{
+			var token = TestContext.Current.CancellationToken;
+			var post = await LocalPost();
+			var misskey = new RemoteActor(_harness.Peer, "kitty");
+			var pleroma = new RemoteActor(_harness.Peer, "pleroma");
+
+			await _harness.Deliver(misskey, "/human-centipede", new JsonObject
+			{
+				["id"] = NewId(misskey, "likes"), ["type"] = "Like", ["actor"] = misskey.Id, ["object"] = post.ObjectURI, ["content"] = ":blobcat:",
+				["_misskey_reaction"] = ":blobcat:",
+				["tag"] = new JsonArray(new JsonObject { ["type"] = "Emoji", ["name"] = ":blobcat:", ["icon"] = new JsonObject { ["type"] = "Image", ["url"] = $"{Origin(misskey)}/emoji/blobcat.png" } })
+			});
+			await _harness.Deliver(misskey, "/human-centipede", new JsonObject
+			{
+				["id"] = NewId(misskey, "likes"), ["type"] = "Like", ["actor"] = misskey.Id, ["object"] = post.ObjectURI, ["content"] = "❤"
+			});
+			var fire = new JsonObject { ["id"] = NewId(pleroma, "activities"), ["type"] = "EmojiReact", ["actor"] = pleroma.Id, ["object"] = post.ObjectURI, ["content"] = "🔥" };
+			await _harness.Deliver(pleroma, "/human-centipede", fire);
+
+			var kept = await DB.Default.Find<Reaction>().Match(r => r.PostId == post.ID).ExecuteAsync(token);
+			Assert.Equal(new HashSet<string> { "blobcat", "🔥" }, kept.Select(r => r.Emoji).ToHashSet());
+			Assert.Equal($"{Origin(misskey)}/emoji/blobcat.png", kept.Single(r => r.Emoji == "blobcat").EmojiURL);
+			Assert.Equal(1, (await DB.Default.Find<Post>().OneAsync(post.ID, token)).FavouritesCount);
+			Assert.True(await DB.Default.Find<Notification>().Match(n => n.Type == NotificationType.Reaction && n.Emoji == "🔥").ExecuteAnyAsync(token));
+
+			await _harness.Deliver(pleroma, "/human-centipede", new JsonObject
+			{
+				["id"] = NewId(pleroma, "activities"), ["type"] = "Undo", ["actor"] = pleroma.Id, ["object"] = fire.DeepClone()
+			});
+			Assert.Equal("blobcat", Assert.Single(await DB.Default.Find<Reaction>().Match(r => r.PostId == post.ID).ExecuteAsync(token)).Emoji);
+		}
+
+		[Fact]
+		public async Task A_persona_reacts_to_a_remote_post_and_takes_it_back()
+		{
+			var token = TestContext.Current.CancellationToken;
+			var (_, alice) = await _harness.Persona("alice");
+			var mallory = new RemoteActor(_harness.Peer, "mallory");
+			var noteId = NewId(mallory, "notes");
+			await _harness.Deliver(mallory, "/human-centipede", new JsonObject
+			{
+				["id"] = NewId(mallory, "activities"), ["type"] = "Create", ["actor"] = mallory.Id,
+				["object"] = new JsonObject
+				{
+					["id"] = noteId, ["type"] = "Note", ["attributedTo"] = mallory.Id, ["content"] = "<p>hi</p>",
+					["to"] = new JsonArray(Addressing.Public), ["cc"] = new JsonArray(alice.Uri),
+					["tag"] = new JsonArray(new JsonObject { ["type"] = "Mention", ["href"] = alice.Uri, ["name"] = "@alice" })
+				}
+			});
+			var post = await DB.Default.Find<Post>().Match(p => p.ObjectURI == noteId).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
+
+			Assert.True(await _harness.Reactions.React(alice, post, "🎉", token));
+			Assert.False(await _harness.Reactions.React(alice, post, "not an emoji", token));
+			Assert.True(await _harness.Reactions.Unreact(alice, post, "🎉", token));
+
+			var sent = await _harness.Outgoing(mallory.Id + "/inbox");
+			var react = Assert.Single(sent, a => a["type"]!.GetValue<string>() == "EmojiReact");
+			Assert.Equal("🎉", react["content"]!.GetValue<string>());
+			Assert.Equal(noteId, react["object"]!.GetValue<string>());
+			Assert.Equal(react["id"]!.GetValue<string>(), Assert.Single(sent, a => a["type"]!.GetValue<string>() == "Undo")["object"]!["id"]!.GetValue<string>());
+		}
+	}
+}

PrivaPub.Tests/Support/Harness.cs

@@ -45,19 +45,21 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Tests.Support
 			Groups = new GroupDistributor(Delivery);
 			Records = new ObjectRecords(Queue);
 			Polls = new PollService(Db, Local, Delivery, Queue);
-			RemotePosts = new RemotePosts(Db, Local, Remote, new NoBlocks(), Queue, Records);
+			Reactions = new Reactions(Db, Delivery);
+			RemotePosts = new RemotePosts(Db, Local, Remote, new NoBlocks(), Queue, Records, new NoPreviews());
 			Receiver = new InboxReceiver(Local, Remote, Queue, new NoBlocks(), NullLogger<InboxReceiver>.Instance);
 			Processor = new InboxProcessor(Remote, new IActivityHandler[]
 			{
 				new FollowHandler(Db, Local, Remote, Delivery),
 				new AcceptHandler(Db, Local),
 				new RejectHandler(Db, Local),
-				new UndoHandler(Db, Local),
+				new UndoHandler(Db, Local, Reactions),
-				new LikeHandler(Db),
+				new LikeHandler(Db, Reactions),
+				new EmojiReactHandler(Db, Reactions),
 				new DislikeHandler(Db),
 				new JoinHandler(Db, Local, Delivery),
 				new AnnounceHandler(Db, Local, RemotePosts, Fanout, Remote),
-				new CreateHandler(Db, Local, Remote, Delivery, new NoBlocks(), Fanout, RemotePosts, Groups, Records, Polls),
+				new CreateHandler(Db, Local, Remote, Delivery, new NoBlocks(), Fanout, RemotePosts, Groups, Records, Polls, new NoPreviews()),
 				new DeleteHandler(Db, Local, Remote, Delivery, Groups),
 				new UpdateHandler(Db, Local, Remote, Groups, Records),
 				new FlagHandler(Db, Local)
@@ -67,7 +69,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Tests.Support
 			Outbox = new OutboxPublisher(Db, Local, Delivery);
 			Media = new MediaService(new StaticOptions<MediaOptions>(new MediaOptions { Root = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), $"privapub-media-{Guid.NewGuid():N}") }),
 				Local, default, NullLogger<MediaService>.Instance);
-			Statuses = new StatusService(Db, Local, Remote, Delivery, Content, Outbox, Fanout, Media, Groups, Polls);
+			Statuses = new StatusService(Db, Local, Remote, Delivery, Content, Outbox, Fanout, Media, Groups, Polls, new NoPreviews());
 			Posts = new PostsService(Db, Local, Statuses, new KeyLocalizer<GenericRes>(), NullLogger<PostsService>.Instance);
 			Timelines = new TimelineService(Db, new KeyLocalizer<GenericRes>());
 			Relationships = new RelationshipService(Db, Follows, Delivery);
@@ -93,6 +95,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Tests.Support
 		public RemotePosts RemotePosts { get; }
 		public ObjectRecords Records { get; }
 		public PollService Polls { get; }
+		public Reactions Reactions { get; }
 		public TimelineService Timelines { get; }
 		public RelationshipService Relationships { get; }
 		public ReportService Reports { get; }
@@ -145,4 +148,9 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Tests.Support
 		public LocalizedString this[string name, params object[] arguments] => new(name, string.Format(name, arguments));
 		public IEnumerable<LocalizedString> GetAllStrings(bool includeParentCultures) => Enumerable.Empty<LocalizedString>();
 	}
+
+	public sealed class NoPreviews : ILinkPreviews
+	{
+		public Task Wanted(PrivaPub.Models.Post.Post post, CancellationToken token) => Task.CompletedTask;
+	}
 }

PrivaPub/Api/Mastodon/Controllers/ReactionsController.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
+
+using MongoDB.Entities;
+
+using PrivaPub.Api.Mastodon.Infrastructure;
+using PrivaPub.Api.Mastodon.Mappers;
+using PrivaPub.Domain.Privacy;
+using PrivaPub.Domain.Social;
+using PrivaPub.Models.Post;
+using PrivaPub.Models.Social;
+using PrivaPub.StaticServices;
+
+using PostEntity = PrivaPub.Models.Post.Post;
+
+namespace PrivaPub.Api.Mastodon.Controllers
+{
+	public class ReactionsController : MastodonController
+	{
+		readonly DbEntities _dbEntities;
+		readonly MastodonMapper _mapper;
+		readonly IReactions _reactions;
+
+		public ReactionsController(DbEntities dbEntities, MastodonMapper mapper, IReactions reactions)
+		{
+			_dbEntities = dbEntities;
+			_mapper = mapper;
+			_reactions = reactions;
+		}
+
+		[HttpGet("/api/v1/pleroma/statuses/{id}/reactions"), Scope("read:statuses", requiresUser: false), AllowAnonymous]
+		public async Task<IActionResult> List(string id, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			var post = await Visible(id, token);
+			if (post == default)
+				return NotFoundError();
+			var reactions = await DB.Default.Find<Reaction>().Match(r => r.PostId == post.ID).ExecuteAsync(token);
+			var accounts = await _mapper.Accounts(reactions.Select(r => r.AccountId), token);
+			return Json(reactions.GroupBy(r => r.Emoji).Select(group => new
+			{
+				name = group.Key,
+				count = group.Count(),
+				me = MyId != default && group.Any(r => r.AccountId == MyId),
+				url = _mapper.ProxiedUrl(group.First().EmojiURL),
+				accounts = group.Select(r => accounts.GetValueOrDefault(r.AccountId)).Where(a => a != default).ToList()
+			}).OrderByDescending(r => r.count).ToList());
+		}
+
+		[HttpPut("/api/v1/pleroma/statuses/{id}/reactions/{emoji}"), Scope("write:favourites")]
+		public async Task<IActionResult> React(string id, string emoji, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			var post = await Visible(id, token);
+			if (post == default)
+				return NotFoundError();
+			if (!await _reactions.React(Me, post, Uri.UnescapeDataString(emoji), token))
+				return Error(StatusCodes.Status422UnprocessableEntity, "Validation failed: That emoji cannot be used here");
+			return Json(await _mapper.Status(post, MyId, token));
+		}
+
+		[HttpDelete("/api/v1/pleroma/statuses/{id}/reactions/{emoji}"), Scope("write:favourites")]
+		public async Task<IActionResult> Unreact(string id, string emoji, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			var post = await Visible(id, token);
+			if (post == default)
+				return NotFoundError();
+			await _reactions.Unreact(Me, post, Uri.UnescapeDataString(emoji), token);
+			return Json(await _mapper.Status(post, MyId, token));
+		}
+
+		async Task<PostEntity> Visible(string id, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			var post = await _dbEntities.Posts.Match(p => p.ID == id && !p.DeletedAt.HasValue && p.ReblogOfPostId == null).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
+			return post != default && post.Visibility != PostVisibility.LocalGeo && await VisibilityPolicy.CanSee(post, MyId, token) ? post : default;
+		}
+	}
+}

PrivaPub/Api/Mastodon/Controllers/TimelinesController.cs

@@ -163,7 +163,8 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Api.Mastodon.Controllers
 			[NotificationType.Favourite] = "favourite",
 			[NotificationType.Reblog] = "reblog",
 			[NotificationType.Update] = "update",
-			[NotificationType.Poll] = "poll"
+			[NotificationType.Poll] = "poll",
+			[NotificationType.Reaction] = "pleroma:emoji_reaction"
 		};
 
 		readonly MastodonMapper _mapper;
@@ -234,7 +235,9 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Api.Mastodon.Controllers
 					CreatedAt = MastodonJson.Time(n.CreatedAt),
 					GroupKey = $"ungrouped-{n.ID}",
 					Account = accounts[n.FromAccountId],
-					Status = n.PostId == default ? default : statuses[n.PostId]
+					Status = n.PostId == default ? default : statuses[n.PostId],
+					Emoji = n.Emoji == default ? default : n.EmojiURL == default ? n.Emoji : $":{n.Emoji}:",
+					EmojiUrl = _mapper.ProxiedUrl(n.EmojiURL)
 				})
 				.ToList();
 		}

PrivaPub/Api/Mastodon/Entities/Entities.cs

@@ -161,6 +161,20 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Api.Mastodon.Entities
 		public int Down { get; set; }
 	}
 
+	public class EmojiReactionEntity
+	{
+		public string Name { get; set; }
+		public int Count { get; set; }
+		public bool Me { get; set; }
+		public string Url { get; set; }
+		public string StaticUrl { get; set; }
+	}
+
+	public class PleromaStatus
+	{
+		public List<EmojiReactionEntity> EmojiReactions { get; set; } = new();
+	}
+
 	public class PollEntity
 	{
 		public string Id { get; set; }
@@ -237,6 +251,8 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Api.Mastodon.Entities
 		public string Text { get; set; }
 		public List<object> Filtered { get; set; } = new();
 		public PrivaPubStatus Privapub { get; set; }
+		public List<EmojiReactionEntity> EmojiReactions { get; set; } = new();
+		public PleromaStatus Pleroma { get; set; }
 	}
 
 	public class MediaAttachment
@@ -305,6 +321,8 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Api.Mastodon.Entities
 		public string GroupKey { get; set; }
 		public Account Account { get; set; }
 		public Status Status { get; set; }
+		public string Emoji { get; set; }
+		public string EmojiUrl { get; set; }
 	}
 
 	public class Context

PrivaPub/Api/Mastodon/Mappers/MastodonMapper.cs

@@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Api.Mastodon.Mappers
 
 		string Proxied(string url) => _proxy == default ? url : _proxy.Wrap(url);
 
+		public string ProxiedUrl(string url) => Proxied(url);
+
 		string MissingAvatar => $"{_localActors.BaseAddress}/media/missing-avatar.png";
 		string MissingHeader => $"{_localActors.BaseAddress}/media/missing-header.png";
 
@@ -166,6 +168,19 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Api.Mastodon.Mappers
 				? new HashSet<string>()
 				: (await DB.Default.Find<Bookmark>().Match(b => b.AvatarId == viewerId && ids.Contains(b.PostId)).ExecuteAsync(token)).Select(b => b.PostId).ToHashSet();
 			var pinned = (await DB.Default.Find<Pin>().Match(p => ids.Contains(p.PostId)).ExecuteAsync(token)).Select(p => p.PostId).ToHashSet();
+			var reactions = (await DB.Default.Find<Reaction>().Match(r => ids.Contains(r.PostId)).ExecuteAsync(token))
+				.GroupBy(r => r.PostId)
+				.ToDictionary(g => g.Key, g => g.GroupBy(r => r.Emoji)
+					.Select(e => new EmojiReactionEntity
+					{
+						Name = e.Key,
+						Count = e.Count(),
+						Me = viewerId != default && e.Any(r => r.AccountId == viewerId),
+						Url = Proxied(e.First().EmojiURL),
+						StaticUrl = Proxied(e.First().EmojiURL)
+					})
+					.OrderByDescending(e => e.Count)
+					.ToList());
 			var pollIds = all.Where(p => p.Poll != default).Select(p => p.ID).ToList();
 			var ownVotes = viewerId == default || pollIds.Count == 0
 				? new Dictionary<string, List<int>>()
@@ -210,6 +225,8 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Api.Mastodon.Mappers
 					Poll = Poll(post, viewerId, ownVotes.GetValueOrDefault(post.ID)),
 					Emojis = Emojis(post.Emojis),
 					Privapub = Extension(post),
+					EmojiReactions = reactions.GetValueOrDefault(post.ID) ?? new(),
+					Pleroma = new PleromaStatus { EmojiReactions = reactions.GetValueOrDefault(post.ID) ?? new() },
 					Mentions = post.Mentions.Select(m => Mention(m, mentionAccounts)).Where(m => m != default).ToList(),
 					Tags = post.Tags.Select(t => new StatusTag { Name = t, Url = ActivityPubRenderer.TagUrl(_localActors.BaseAddress, t) }).ToList()
 				};
@@ -372,11 +389,9 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Api.Mastodon.Mappers
 
 		PreviewCard Card(PostEntity post)
 		{
-			if (!post.IsFederatedCopy)
-				return default;
 			if (post.Link is { } link)
 				return Card(link.Href, link.Title ?? post.Title, link.Description ?? (post.Media.Count == 0 ? post.Excerpt : default), link.ImageURL);
-			if (post.ObjectType is "Article" or "Event" or "Video" or "Audio" && post.Url != default && post.Media.Count == 0)
+			if (post.IsFederatedCopy && post.ObjectType is "Article" or "Event" or "Video" or "Audio" && post.Url != default && post.Media.Count == 0)
 				return Card(post.Url, post.Title, post.Excerpt, post.CoverURL);
 			return default;
 		}

PrivaPub/Domain/Content/LinkPreviews.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,155 @@
+using AngleSharp.Html.Parser;
+
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
+
+using MongoDB.Entities;
+
+using PrivaPub.Federation.Actors;
+using PrivaPub.Federation.Objects;
+using PrivaPub.Infrastructure.Http;
+using PrivaPub.Infrastructure.Jobs;
+using PrivaPub.Models.Jobs;
+using PrivaPub.Models.Post;
+using PrivaPub.StaticServices;
+
+using System.Security.Cryptography;
+
+using PostEntity = PrivaPub.Models.Post.Post;
+
+namespace PrivaPub.Domain.Content
+{
+	public class LinkPreview : Entity
+	{
+		public string Url { get; set; }
+		public string Title { get; set; }
+		public string Description { get; set; }
+		public string ImageURL { get; set; }
+		public string SiteName { get; set; }
+		public bool Failed { get; set; }
+		public DateTime FetchedAt { get; set; } = DateTime.UtcNow;
+	}
+
+	public interface ILinkPreviews
+	{
+		Task Wanted(PostEntity post, CancellationToken token);
+	}
+
+	public class LinkPreviews : ILinkPreviews, IJobHandler
+	{
+		const int MaxJitterSeconds = 60;
+		static readonly TimeSpan Freshness = TimeSpan.FromDays(7);
+		static readonly HtmlParser Parser = new();
+
+		readonly DbEntities _dbEntities;
+		readonly ILocalActorService _localActors;
+		readonly IFederationHttp _http;
+		readonly IJobQueue _queue;
+		readonly IOptionsMonitor<FederationOptions> _options;
+
+		public LinkPreviews(DbEntities dbEntities, ILocalActorService localActors, IFederationHttp http, IJobQueue queue,
+			IOptionsMonitor<FederationOptions> options)
+		{
+			_dbEntities = dbEntities;
+			_localActors = localActors;
+			_http = http;
+			_queue = queue;
+			_options = options;
+		}
+
+		public JobKind Kind => JobKind.FetchPreview;
+		public int Concurrency => 2;
+		public int MaxAttempts => 1;
+		public int PerHostLimit => 1;
+
+		public async Task Wanted(PostEntity post, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			if (!_options.CurrentValue.FetchLinkPreviews || post.Visibility is not (PostVisibility.Public or PostVisibility.Unlisted) || post.IsLocalOnly
+				|| post.ReblogOfPostId != default || post.Link?.Title != default || post.Link == default && post.Media.Count > 0)
+				return;
+			var url = post.Link?.Href ?? FirstLink(post, _localActors.BaseAddress);
+			if (url == default)
+				return;
+			await _queue.EnqueueMany(new[]
+			{
+				new Job
+				{
+					Kind = JobKind.FetchPreview, Payload = post.ID, Host = new Uri(url).Host.ToLowerInvariant(), DedupeKey = $"preview|{post.ID}",
+					RunAt = DateTime.UtcNow.AddSeconds(RandomNumberGenerator.GetInt32(0, MaxJitterSeconds + 1))
+				}
+			}, token);
+		}
+
+		public async Task<JobOutcome> Handle(Job job, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			var post = await _dbEntities.Posts.MatchID(job.Payload).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
+			if (post == default || post.DeletedAt.HasValue || post.Link?.Title != default)
+				return JobOutcome.Done;
+			var url = post.Link?.Href ?? FirstLink(post, _localActors.BaseAddress);
+			if (url == default)
+				return JobOutcome.Done;
+
+			var preview = await DB.Default.Find<LinkPreview>().Match(p => p.Url == url).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
+			if (preview == default || preview.FetchedAt < DateTime.UtcNow - Freshness)
+				preview = await Fetch(url, token);
+			if (preview == default || preview.Failed)
+				return JobOutcome.Done;
+
+			var link = post.Link ?? new PostLink { Href = url };
+			link.Title ??= preview.Title;
+			link.Description ??= preview.Description;
+			link.ImageURL ??= preview.ImageURL;
+			await DB.Default.Update<PostEntity>().MatchID(post.ID).Modify(p => p.Link, link).ExecuteAsync(token);
+			return JobOutcome.Done;
+		}
+
+		async Task<LinkPreview> Fetch(string url, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			var (finalUri, html) = await _http.GetPage(url, token);
+			var preview = html == default ? new LinkPreview { Url = url, Failed = true } : Read(url, finalUri, html);
+			await DB.Default.Update<LinkPreview>()
+				.Match(p => p.Url == url)
+				.Modify(p => p.Title, preview.Title)
+				.Modify(p => p.Description, preview.Description)
+				.Modify(p => p.ImageURL, preview.ImageURL)
+				.Modify(p => p.SiteName, preview.SiteName)
+				.Modify(p => p.Failed, preview.Failed)
+				.Modify(p => p.FetchedAt, DateTime.UtcNow)
+				.Option(o => o.IsUpsert = true)
+				.ExecuteAsync(token);
+			return preview;
+		}
+
+		public static LinkPreview Read(string url, Uri finalUri, string html)
+		{
+			var document = Parser.ParseDocument(html);
+			string Meta(params string[] names) => names
+				.Select(name => document.QuerySelector($"meta[property='{name}'], meta[name='{name}']")?.GetAttribute("content"))
+				.FirstOrDefault(value => !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(value));
+			var image = Meta("og:image:secure_url", "og:image", "og:image:url", "twitter:image", "twitter:image:src");
+			var imageUri = image != default && Uri.TryCreate(finalUri, image, out var resolved) && resolved.Scheme is "https" or "http" ? resolved.AbsoluteUri : default;
+			var preview = new LinkPreview
+			{
+				Url = url,
+				Title = ObjectShapes.Text(Meta("og:title", "twitter:title") ?? document.Title, 300),
+				Description = ObjectShapes.Text(Meta("og:description", "twitter:description", "description"), 1000),
+				SiteName = ObjectShapes.Text(Meta("og:site_name"), 200),
+				ImageURL = imageUri
+			};
+			preview.Failed = preview.Title == default && preview.Description == default && preview.ImageURL == default;
+			return preview;
+		}
+
+		public static string FirstLink(PostEntity post, string ownBase)
+		{
+			if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(post.ContentHtml))
+				return default;
+			var document = Parser.ParseDocument(post.ContentHtml);
+			return document.QuerySelectorAll("a[href]")
+				.Where(a => !(a.ClassList.Contains("mention") || a.ClassList.Contains("hashtag") || a.GetAttribute("rel")?.Contains("tag") == true
+					|| a.Closest(".quote-inline") != default))
+				.Select(a => a.GetAttribute("href"))
+				.FirstOrDefault(href => Uri.TryCreate(href, UriKind.Absolute, out var uri) && uri.Scheme is "https" or "http"
+					&& href != post.Url && href != post.ObjectURI && !href.StartsWith(ownBase + "/", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase));
+		}
+	}
+}

PrivaPub/Domain/Social/Notifications.cs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Domain.Social
 	public static class Notifications
 	{
 		public static async Task Add(string avatarId, NotificationType type, string fromAccountId, string fromActorUri, string postId,
-			CancellationToken token)
+			CancellationToken token, string emoji = default, string emojiUrl = default)
 		{
 			if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(avatarId) || avatarId == fromAccountId && type != NotificationType.Poll)
 				return;
@@ -23,7 +23,9 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Domain.Social
 					FromAccountId = fromAccountId,
 					FromActorURI = fromActorUri,
 					PostId = postId,
-					DedupeKey = $"{type}|{avatarId}|{fromActorUri}|{postId}"
+					Emoji = emoji,
+					EmojiURL = emojiUrl,
+					DedupeKey = emoji == default ? $"{type}|{avatarId}|{fromActorUri}|{postId}" : $"{type}|{avatarId}|{fromActorUri}|{postId}|{emoji}"
 				}, token);
 			}
 			catch (MongoWriteException ex) when (ex.WriteError?.Category == ServerErrorCategory.DuplicateKey)

PrivaPub/Domain/Social/Reactions.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+using MongoDB.Driver;
+using MongoDB.Entities;
+
+using PrivaPub.Federation.Actors;
+using PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers;
+using PrivaPub.Federation.Objects;
+using PrivaPub.Federation.Outbox;
+using PrivaPub.Federation.Rendering;
+using PrivaPub.Models.Social;
+using PrivaPub.Models.User;
+using PrivaPub.StaticServices;
+
+using System.Globalization;
+using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
+
+using PostEntity = PrivaPub.Models.Post.Post;
+
+namespace PrivaPub.Domain.Social
+{
+	public interface IReactions
+	{
+		Task Receive(PostEntity post, ForeignAvatar actor, string content, JsonNode tags, string activityId, CancellationToken token);
+		Task<bool> Withdraw(ForeignAvatar actor, string activityId, string objectUri, string content, CancellationToken token);
+		Task<bool> React(LocalActor me, PostEntity post, string emoji, CancellationToken token);
+		Task<bool> Unreact(LocalActor me, PostEntity post, string emoji, CancellationToken token);
+	}
+
+	public class Reactions : IReactions
+	{
+		static readonly string[] Hearts = { "❤", "❤️", "♥", "♥️" };
+
+		readonly DbEntities _dbEntities;
+		readonly IDeliveryService _delivery;
+
+		public Reactions(DbEntities dbEntities, IDeliveryService delivery)
+		{
+			_dbEntities = dbEntities;
+			_delivery = delivery;
+		}
+
+		public static bool IsHeart(string content) => content == default || Hearts.Contains(content.Trim());
+
+		public async Task Receive(PostEntity post, ForeignAvatar actor, string content, JsonNode tags, string activityId, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			if (!LikeHandler.MaySee(post, actor) || Normalise(content, ObjectShapes.Emojis(tags)) is not { } emoji)
+				return;
+			try
+			{
+				await DB.Default.SaveAsync(new Reaction
+				{
+					PostId = post.ID, AccountId = actor.ID, ActorURI = actor.ActorURI, Emoji = emoji.Name, EmojiURL = emoji.Url, ActivityURI = activityId
+				}, token);
+			}
+			catch (MongoWriteException ex) when (ex.WriteError?.Category == ServerErrorCategory.DuplicateKey)
+			{
+				return;
+			}
+			if (!post.IsFederatedCopy)
+				await Notifications.Add(post.GroupUserId, NotificationType.Reaction, actor.ID, actor.ActorURI, post.ID, token, emoji.Name, emoji.Url);
+		}
+
+		public async Task<bool> Withdraw(ForeignAvatar actor, string activityId, string objectUri, string content, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			var reaction = activityId == default
+				? default
+				: await DB.Default.Find<Reaction>().Match(r => r.ActivityURI == activityId && r.ActorURI == actor.ActorURI).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
+			if (reaction == default && objectUri != default && Normalise(content, new()) is { } emoji)
+			{
+				var post = await _dbEntities.Posts.Match(p => p.ObjectURI == objectUri).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
+				reaction = post == default
+					? default
+					: await DB.Default.Find<Reaction>().Match(r => r.PostId == post.ID && r.ActorURI == actor.ActorURI && r.Emoji == emoji.Name).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
+			}
+			if (reaction == default)
+				return false;
+			await DB.Default.DeleteAsync<Reaction>(reaction.ID);
+			return true;
+		}
+
+		public async Task<bool> React(LocalActor me, PostEntity post, string emoji, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			var known = post.Emojis.Select(e => (e.Shortcode, e.URL))
+				.Concat((await DB.Default.Find<Reaction>().Match(r => r.PostId == post.ID && r.EmojiURL != null).ExecuteAsync(token)).Select(r => (r.Emoji, r.EmojiURL)))
+				.Select(e => new Models.Post.CustomEmoji { Shortcode = e.Item1, URL = e.Item2 })
+				.ToList();
+			if (Normalise(emoji, known) is not { } picked)
+				return false;
+			var reaction = new Reaction
+			{
+				PostId = post.ID, AccountId = me.Id, ActorURI = me.Uri, IsLocal = true, Emoji = picked.Name, EmojiURL = picked.Url,
+				ActivityURI = me.ActivityUri($"react-{post.ID}-{Guid.NewGuid():N}")
+			};
+			try
+			{
+				await DB.Default.SaveAsync(reaction, token);
+			}
+			catch (MongoWriteException ex) when (ex.WriteError?.Category == ServerErrorCategory.DuplicateKey)
+			{
+				return true;
+			}
+			if (!post.IsFederatedCopy)
+				await Notifications.Add(post.GroupUserId, NotificationType.Reaction, me.Id, me.Uri, post.ID, token, picked.Name, picked.Url);
+			else
+				await Tell(me, post, Activity(me, post, reaction), token);
+			return true;
+		}
+
+		public async Task<bool> Unreact(LocalActor me, PostEntity post, string emoji, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			var name = Normalise(emoji, post.Emojis.ToList(), requireKnownCustom: false)?.Name;
+			var reaction = name == default
+				? default
+				: await DB.Default.Find<Reaction>().Match(r => r.PostId == post.ID && r.ActorURI == me.Uri && r.Emoji == name).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
+			if (reaction == default)
+				return false;
+			await DB.Default.DeleteAsync<Reaction>(reaction.ID);
+			if (post.IsFederatedCopy)
+				await Tell(me, post, new JsonObject
+				{
+					["@context"] = ActivityPubRenderer.Context(),
+					["id"] = me.ActivityUri($"undo-{reaction.ID}"),
+					["type"] = "Undo",
+					["actor"] = me.Uri,
+					["object"] = Activity(me, post, reaction)
+				}, token);
+			return true;
+		}
+
+		static JsonObject Activity(LocalActor me, PostEntity post, Reaction reaction)
+		{
+			var react = new JsonObject
+			{
+				["@context"] = ActivityPubRenderer.Context(),
+				["id"] = reaction.ActivityURI,
+				["type"] = "EmojiReact",
+				["actor"] = me.Uri,
+				["object"] = post.ObjectURI,
+				["to"] = new JsonArray(post.ActorURI),
+				["content"] = reaction.EmojiURL == default ? reaction.Emoji : $":{reaction.Emoji}:"
+			};
+			if (reaction.EmojiURL != default)
+				react["tag"] = new JsonArray(new JsonObject
+				{
+					["type"] = "Emoji",
+					["name"] = $":{reaction.Emoji}:",
+					["icon"] = new JsonObject { ["type"] = "Image", ["url"] = reaction.EmojiURL }
+				});
+			return react;
+		}
+
+		async Task Tell(LocalActor me, PostEntity post, JsonObject activity, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			var author = await _dbEntities.ForeignAvatars.Match(f => f.ActorURI == post.ActorURI).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
+			if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(author?.InboxURL))
+				await _delivery.Enqueue(me, new[] { author.InboxURL }, activity, token);
+		}
+
+		public sealed record Picked(string Name, string Url);
+
+		public static Picked Normalise(string content, List<Models.Post.CustomEmoji> emojis, bool requireKnownCustom = true)
+		{
+			var text = content?.Trim();
+			if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(text) || text.Length > 100)
+				return default;
+			if (text.StartsWith(':') && text.EndsWith(':') && text.Length > 2)
+			{
+				var shortcode = text.Trim(':');
+				var bare = shortcode.Split('@')[0];
+				var emoji = emojis.FirstOrDefault(e => e.Shortcode == shortcode) ?? emojis.FirstOrDefault(e => e.Shortcode.Split('@')[0] == bare);
+				if (emoji == default)
+					return requireKnownCustom ? default : new Picked(bare, default);
+				return new Picked(bare, emoji.URL);
+			}
+			if (text.Any(c => c < 128 || char.IsWhiteSpace(c)) || new StringInfo(text).LengthInTextElements != 1)
+				return default;
+			return new Picked(text, default);
+		}
+	}
+}

PrivaPub/Domain/Statuses/StatusService.cs

@@ -71,10 +71,13 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Domain.Statuses
 		readonly IMediaService _media;
 		readonly IGroupDistributor _groups;
 		readonly IPollService _polls;
+		readonly ILinkPreviews _previews;
 
 		public StatusService(DbEntities dbEntities, ILocalActorService localActors, IRemoteActorService remoteActors, IDeliveryService delivery,
-			IContentRenderer content, IOutboxPublisher outbox, IFanout fanout, IMediaService media, IGroupDistributor groups, IPollService polls)
+			IContentRenderer content, IOutboxPublisher outbox, IFanout fanout, IMediaService media, IGroupDistributor groups, IPollService polls,
+			ILinkPreviews previews)
 		{
+			_previews = previews;
 			_polls = polls;
 			_media = media;
 			_groups = groups;
@@ -207,6 +210,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Domain.Statuses
 				await DB.Default.Update<PostEntity>().MatchID(parent.ID).Modify(b => b.Inc(p => p.RepliesCount, 1)).ExecuteAsync(token);
 			await _fanout.Distribute(post, token);
 			await _polls.Scheduled(post, token);
+			await _previews.Wanted(post, token);
 			if (create != default)
 				await _outbox.Publish(author, post, create, token);
 			if (create != default && group is { IsCircle: false } && visibility is PostVisibility.Public or PostVisibility.Unlisted)

PrivaPub/Federation/Inbox/Handlers/CreateHandler.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ using MongoDB.Entities;
 using PrivaPub.Domain.Timelines;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Actors;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Moderation;
+using PrivaPub.Domain.Content;
 using PrivaPub.Domain.Statuses;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Objects;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Outbox;
@@ -37,10 +38,12 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers
 		readonly IGroupDistributor _groups;
 		readonly IObjectRecords _records;
 		readonly IPollService _polls;
+		readonly ILinkPreviews _previews;
 
 		public CreateHandler(DbEntities dbEntities, ILocalActorService localActors, IRemoteActorService remoteActors, IDeliveryService delivery,
-			IDomainBlocks domainBlocks, IFanout fanout, IRemotePosts remotePosts, IGroupDistributor groups, IObjectRecords records, IPollService polls)
+			IDomainBlocks domainBlocks, IFanout fanout, IRemotePosts remotePosts, IGroupDistributor groups, IObjectRecords records, IPollService polls, ILinkPreviews previews)
 		{
+			_previews = previews;
 			_records = records;
 			_polls = polls;
 			_groups = groups;
@@ -148,6 +151,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers
 				return;
 			}
 			await _records.Record(note, post, ObjectPath.Delivered, refetched, token);
+			await _previews.Wanted(post, token);
 
 			if (parent != default)
 				await DB.Default.Update<PostEntity>().MatchID(parent.ID).Modify(b => b.Inc(p => p.RepliesCount, 1)).ExecuteAsync(token);

PrivaPub/Federation/Inbox/Handlers/EmojiReactHandler.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+using PrivaPub.Domain.Social;
+using PrivaPub.Models.User;
+using PrivaPub.StaticServices;
+
+using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
+
+using static PrivaPub.Federation.Objects.ActivityJson;
+
+namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers
+{
+	public class EmojiReactHandler : IActivityHandler
+	{
+		readonly DbEntities _dbEntities;
+		readonly IReactions _reactions;
+
+		public EmojiReactHandler(DbEntities dbEntities, IReactions reactions)
+		{
+			_dbEntities = dbEntities;
+			_reactions = reactions;
+		}
+
+		public string Type => "EmojiReact";
+
+		public async Task Handle(JsonNode activity, ForeignAvatar actor, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			var objectUri = Id(activity["object"]);
+			var post = objectUri == default
+				? default
+				: await _dbEntities.Posts.Match(p => p.ObjectURI == objectUri && !p.DeletedAt.HasValue && p.ReblogOfPostId == null).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
+			if (post != default)
+				await _reactions.Receive(post, actor, Value(activity, "content"), activity["tag"], Id(activity), token);
+		}
+	}
+}

PrivaPub/Federation/Inbox/Handlers/LikeHandler.cs

@@ -18,10 +18,12 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers
 	public class LikeHandler : IActivityHandler
 	{
 		readonly DbEntities _dbEntities;
+		readonly IReactions _reactions;
 
-		public LikeHandler(DbEntities dbEntities)
+		public LikeHandler(DbEntities dbEntities, IReactions reactions)
 		{
 			_dbEntities = dbEntities;
+			_reactions = reactions;
 		}
 
 		public string Type => "Like";
@@ -34,6 +36,12 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers
 				: await _dbEntities.Posts.Match(p => p.ObjectURI == objectUri && !p.DeletedAt.HasValue && p.ReblogOfPostId == null).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
 			if (post == default || !MaySee(post, actor))
 				return;
+			var content = Value(activity, "_misskey_reaction") ?? Value(activity, "content");
+			if (!Reactions.IsHeart(content))
+			{
+				await _reactions.Receive(post, actor, content, activity["tag"], Id(activity), token);
+				return;
+			}
 
 			try
 			{

PrivaPub/Federation/Inbox/Handlers/UndoHandler.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 using MongoDB.Entities;
 
+using PrivaPub.Domain.Social;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Actors;
 using PrivaPub.Models.Federation;
 using PrivaPub.Models.Social;
@@ -17,11 +18,13 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers
 {
 	public class UndoHandler : IActivityHandler
 	{
+		readonly IReactions _reactions;
 		readonly DbEntities _dbEntities;
 		readonly ILocalActorService _localActors;
 
-		public UndoHandler(DbEntities dbEntities, ILocalActorService localActors)
+		public UndoHandler(DbEntities dbEntities, ILocalActorService localActors, IReactions reactions)
 		{
+			_reactions = reactions;
 			_dbEntities = dbEntities;
 			_localActors = localActors;
 		}
@@ -42,6 +45,9 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox.Handlers
 				await UndoAnnounce(innerId, actor, token);
 			if (innerType is null or "Dislike")
 				await UndoDislike(inner, innerId, actor, token);
+			if (innerType is null or "Like" or "EmojiReact")
+				await _reactions.Withdraw(actor, innerId, inner is JsonObject ? Id(inner["object"]) : default,
+					inner is JsonObject ? Value(inner, "_misskey_reaction") ?? Value(inner, "content") : default, token);
 		}
 
 		async Task UndoDislike(JsonNode inner, string innerId, ForeignAvatar actor, CancellationToken token)

PrivaPub/Federation/Inbox/RemotePosts.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 using MongoDB.Driver;
 using MongoDB.Entities;
 
+using PrivaPub.Domain.Content;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Actors;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Moderation;
 using PrivaPub.Federation.Objects;
@@ -39,10 +40,12 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox
 		readonly IDomainBlocks _domainBlocks;
 		readonly IJobQueue _queue;
 		readonly IObjectRecords _records;
+		readonly ILinkPreviews _previews;
 
 		public RemotePosts(DbEntities dbEntities, ILocalActorService localActors, IRemoteActorService remoteActors, IDomainBlocks domainBlocks,
-			IJobQueue queue, IObjectRecords records)
+			IJobQueue queue, IObjectRecords records, ILinkPreviews previews)
 		{
+			_previews = previews;
 			_records = records;
 			_dbEntities = dbEntities;
 			_localActors = localActors;
@@ -143,6 +146,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Inbox
 				return await _dbEntities.Posts.Match(p => p.ObjectURI == objectUri).ExecuteFirstAsync(token);
 			}
 			await _records.Record(note, post, ObjectPath.Fetched, refetched: false, token);
+			await _previews.Wanted(post, token);
 
 			if (grandparent == default && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(note.InReplyTo) && depth < MaxDepth)
 				await _queue.Enqueue(JobKind.FetchAncestors, JsonSerializer.Serialize(new AncestorsPayload(post.ID, depth + 1)), new Uri(note.InReplyTo).Host,

PrivaPub/Federation/Rendering/ActivityPubRenderer.cs

@@ -38,6 +38,9 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Federation.Rendering
 				["indexable"] = "toot:indexable",
 				["blurhash"] = "toot:blurhash",
 				["votersCount"] = "toot:votersCount",
+				["Emoji"] = "toot:Emoji",
+				["litepub"] = "http://litepub.social/ns#",
+				["EmojiReact"] = "litepub:EmojiReact",
 				["focalPoint"] = new JsonObject { ["@container"] = "@list", ["@id"] = "toot:focalPoint" },
 				["schema"] = "http://schema.org#",
 				["PropertyValue"] = "schema:PropertyValue",

PrivaPub/Infrastructure/Data/Indexes.cs

@@ -113,6 +113,10 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Infrastructure.Data
 			await DB.Default.Index<PollVote>().Key(v => v.PostId, KeyType.Ascending).Key(v => v.ActorURI, KeyType.Ascending).Key(v => v.Choice, KeyType.Ascending)
 				.Option(o => o.Unique = true).CreateAsync(token);
 			await DB.Default.Index<PollVote>().Key(v => v.PostId, KeyType.Ascending).Key(v => v.VoterAccountId, KeyType.Ascending).CreateAsync(token);
+			await DB.Default.Index<Reaction>().Key(r => r.PostId, KeyType.Ascending).Key(r => r.ActorURI, KeyType.Ascending).Key(r => r.Emoji, KeyType.Ascending)
+				.Option(o => o.Unique = true).CreateAsync(token);
+			await Plain<Reaction>(token, r => r.ActivityURI);
+			await Unique<Domain.Content.LinkPreview>(p => p.Url, Builders<Domain.Content.LinkPreview>.Filter.Type(p => p.Url, BsonType.String), token);
 		}
 
 		static async Task Unique<T>(System.Linq.Expressions.Expression<Func<T, object>> key, FilterDefinition<T> partial,

PrivaPub/Infrastructure/Http/FederationHttp.cs

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Infrastructure.Http
 		bool IsAllowed(Uri target);
 		Task<FetchedJson> GetJson(string url, string accept, Action<HttpRequestMessage> sign, CancellationToken token);
 		bool FailedTemporarily(string url);
+		Task<(Uri FinalUri, string Html)> GetPage(string url, CancellationToken token);
 		Task<HttpResponseMessage> Send(HttpRequestMessage request, CancellationToken token);
 		Task<(byte[] Bytes, string ContentType)> GetMedia(string url, long maxBytes, CancellationToken token);
 	}
@@ -181,6 +182,66 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Infrastructure.Http
 			}
 		}
 
+		public async Task<(Uri FinalUri, string Html)> GetPage(string url, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			if (!Uri.TryCreate(url, UriKind.Absolute, out var target) || !IsAllowed(target))
+				return default;
+			using var timeout = CancellationTokenSource.CreateLinkedTokenSource(token);
+			timeout.CancelAfter(RequestTimeout);
+			try
+			{
+				for (var hop = 0; hop <= MaxRedirects; hop++)
+				{
+					using var request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, target);
+					request.Headers.Accept.ParseAdd("text/html, application/xhtml+xml");
+					using var response = await _httpClientFactory.CreateClient(ClientName).SendAsync(request, HttpCompletionOption.ResponseHeadersRead, timeout.Token);
+					if (IsRedirect(response.StatusCode))
+					{
+						var location = response.Headers.Location;
+						var next = location == default ? default : location.IsAbsoluteUri ? location : new Uri(target, location);
+						if (!IsAllowed(next))
+							return default;
+						target = next;
+						continue;
+					}
+					var mediaType = response.Content.Headers.ContentType?.MediaType?.ToLowerInvariant();
+					if (!response.IsSuccessStatusCode || mediaType is not ("text/html" or "application/xhtml+xml"))
+						return default;
+					var bytes = await ReadPrefix(response.Content, MaxPageBytes, timeout.Token);
+					var charset = response.Content.Headers.ContentType?.CharSet?.Trim('"');
+					var encoding = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
+					try
+					{
+						if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(charset))
+							encoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding(charset);
+					}
+					catch (ArgumentException)
+					{
+					}
+					return (target, encoding.GetString(bytes));
+				}
+				return default;
+			}
+			catch (Exception ex) when (ex is HttpRequestException or BlockedDestinationException or OperationCanceledException && !token.IsCancellationRequested)
+			{
+				_logger.LogInformation("Page {Url} refused: {Reason}", url, ex.Message);
+				return default;
+			}
+		}
+
+		const int MaxPageBytes = 512 * 1024;
+
+		static async Task<byte[]> ReadPrefix(HttpContent content, int limit, CancellationToken token)
+		{
+			await using var stream = await content.ReadAsStreamAsync(token);
+			var buffer = new byte[limit];
+			var total = 0;
+			int read;
+			while (total < limit && (read = await stream.ReadAsync(buffer.AsMemory(total, limit - total), token)) > 0)
+				total += read;
+			return buffer[..total];
+		}
+
 		public async Task<HttpResponseMessage> Send(HttpRequestMessage request, CancellationToken token)
 		{
 			if (!IsAllowed(request.RequestUri))

PrivaPub/Infrastructure/Http/FederationOptions.cs

@@ -6,5 +6,6 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Infrastructure.Http
 		public bool AllowPlainHttp { get; set; }
 		public bool SecureMode { get; set; }
 		public bool AcceptAnyCertificate { get; set; }
+		public bool FetchLinkPreviews { get; set; } = true;//owner decision 1: the server reads linked pages of public posts
 	}
 }

PrivaPub/Middleware/SocialPubConfigurations.cs

@@ -77,6 +77,11 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Middleware
 				.AddSingleton<IActivityHandler, UndoHandler>()
 				.AddSingleton<IActivityHandler, LikeHandler>()
 				.AddSingleton<IActivityHandler, DislikeHandler>()
+				.AddSingleton<IActivityHandler, EmojiReactHandler>()
+				.AddSingleton<IReactions, Reactions>()
+				.AddSingleton<LinkPreviews>()
+				.AddSingleton<ILinkPreviews>(services => services.GetRequiredService<LinkPreviews>())
+				.AddSingleton<IJobHandler>(services => services.GetRequiredService<LinkPreviews>())
 				.AddSingleton<IActivityHandler, JoinHandler>()
 				.AddSingleton<IActivityHandler, AnnounceHandler>()
 				.AddSingleton<IActivityHandler, FlagHandler>()

PrivaPub/Models/Jobs/Job.cs

@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Models.Jobs
 		FetchAncestors,
 		DescribeInstance,
 		PollRefresh,
-		PollClose
+		PollClose,
+		FetchPreview
 	}
 
 	public enum JobState

PrivaPub/Models/Social/Notification.cs

@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Models.Social
 		public string FromActorURI { get; set; }
 		public string PostId { get; set; }
 		public string DedupeKey { get; set; }
+		public string Emoji { get; set; }//a reaction's emoji
+		public string EmojiURL { get; set; }
 		public bool IsRead { get; set; }
 		public DateTime CreatedAt { get; set; } = DateTime.UtcNow;
 	}
@@ -22,6 +24,7 @@ namespace PrivaPub.Models.Social
 		Favourite,
 		Reblog,
 		Update,
-		Poll
+		Poll,
+		Reaction
 	}
 }

PrivaPub/Models/Social/Reaction.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+using MongoDB.Entities;
+
+namespace PrivaPub.Models.Social
+{
+	public class Reaction : Entity
+	{
+		public string PostId { get; set; }
+		public string AccountId { get; set; }//Avatar.ID for a local persona, ForeignAvatar.ID for a remote account
+		public string ActorURI { get; set; }
+		public bool IsLocal { get; set; }
+		public string Emoji { get; set; }//a single Unicode emoji, or a custom emoji's shortcode without colons or host
+		public string EmojiURL { get; set; }//set for a custom emoji
+		public string ActivityURI { get; set; }
+		public DateTime CreatedAt { get; set; } = DateTime.UtcNow;
+	}
+}

docs/ROADMAP.md

@@ -456,10 +456,13 @@ it, raw where it doesn't.
   - read every key; verify `QuoteAuthorization` on all of its fields; handle revocation;
   - be quotable: `canQuote`, answer `QuoteRequest`, serve and revoke stamps;
   - then advertise `api_versions.mastodon ≥ 7` (4.5.0).
-- **Emoji reactions** in all three inbound forms, plus outbound `EmojiReact`, exposed as `emoji_reactions`.
+- **Emoji reactions** in all three inbound forms, plus outbound `EmojiReact`, exposed as `emoji_reactions` (done in
-- **Link cards:**
+  v1.11.0; Pleroma's `/api/v1/pleroma/statuses/:id/reactions` endpoints and `pleroma:emoji_reaction` notifications).
+- **Link cards** (done in v1.12.0):
   - from the object, or from FEP-8967 `preview`, without fetching;
-  - fetching the page itself is the owner's decision (INTEROP §6.1).
+  - otherwise the server reads the page (owner decision 1): public posts only, 0–60 s after arrival, cached per address
+    for 7 days across the whole server, `Federation:FetchLinkPreviews` to switch it off. Checked live against a
+    GoToSocial profile page.
 - **Media:**
   - video playback through the proxy (Range requests, HLS playlist rewriting, the poster), with a `video` card;
   - audio attachments;

tools/pasture/interop.sh

@@ -114,6 +114,10 @@ gts_poll_on_pp=$(curl -s -H "$PH" "$P/api/v1/timelines/home" | j "print(next(s['
 curl -s -o /dev/null -X POST -H "$PH" "$P/api/v1/polls/$gts_poll_on_pp/votes" -d 'choices[]=0'
 until_true 20 '[ "$(gcurl -s -H "$GH" "$G/api/v1/statuses/$gts_poll" | j "print(d[\"poll\"][\"options\"][0][\"votes_count\"])")" = "1" ]' && ok "alice's vote counts on GoToSocial" || ko "vote not counted on GoToSocial"
 
+echo "link previews"
+linked=$(curl -s -X POST -H "$PH" $P/api/v1/statuses --data-urlencode 'status=have a look https://gts.test/@gtsuser' -d 'visibility=public' | j "print(d['id'])")
+until_true 45 '[ -n "$(curl -s -H "$PH" "$P/api/v1/statuses/$linked" | j "print((d[\"card\"] or {}).get(\"title\") or \"\")")" ]' && ok "the server builds a card for a linked page" || ko "no card for the linked page"
+
 echo "edits and deletes"
 curl -s -o /dev/null -X PUT -H "$PH" $P/api/v1/statuses/$pp_post -d 'status=Hello from PrivaPub, edited'
 until_true 20 'gcurl -s -H "$GH" "$G/api/v1/statuses/$pp_on_gts" | grep -q "edited"' && ok "alice's edit reaches GoToSocial" || ko "edit not applied"